A fairly comprehensive list of coded ingredients used in elder days when recording magickal ingredients.  I still use the colloquial names for many things simply to protect those who might see the spell ingredients and not know how to handle them safely.  Many of these items are toxic or dangerous if used in the wrong way.  Never assume that because a spell you found says to handle an item a certain way that it is safe to do so.  Spells often lie with the assumption that a trained witch would know how to actually use the ingredient listed properly and would alter the recipe according to common sense.

 
Always look up the properties of any unfamiliar ingredient before using it. 
Thanks given to www.Alchemy-Works.com for producing this list online.

A

Adder's Tongue: Dogstooth Violet; Plantain
Ass's Foot: Coltsfoot

B

Bat's Wing : Holly Leaf
Bat's Wool : Moss
Bird's Eye: Germander, Speedwell
Blood: Elder sap or another tree sap
Blood from a Head: Lupine
Blood of an Eye: Tamarisk, Gall
Blood of Ares: Purslane
Blood of a Goose: Mulberry tree's sap
Blood of Hephaistos: Wormwood
Blood of Hestia: Chamomile
Blood from a Shoulder: Bear's Breeches
Bloody Fingers: Foxglove
Blue Jay: Bay laurel
Bone of an Ibis: Buckthorn
Brains: Cherry tree gum [this phrase usually designates any fruit tree gum]
Bull's Blood or Seed of Horus: Horehound
Bull's Foot: Coltsfoot
Bear's Foot: Lady's Mantle

C

Calf's Snout: Snapdragon
Cat: Catnip
Cat's Foot: Canada Snake Root and/or Ground Ivy
Capon's Tail: Valerian.
Clot: Great Mullein
Corpse Candles: Mullein
Cuddy's Lungs: Great Mullein
Crow Foot: Cranesbill, wild geranium, buttercup

D

Devil's Dung: Asafoetida
Dog: Couch grass
Dragon's Blood: Sap from the Dragon Tree/Draco Palm
Dragon's Scales: Bistort leaves
Dog's Mouth: Snapdragon
Dog's Tongue: Hounds Tongue
Dove's Foot: Wild Geranium

E

Eagle: Wild Garlic
Ear of an Ass: Comfrey
Ears of a Goat: St. John's Wort
Englishman's Foot: Common Plantain
Eye of Christ: Germander, speedwell
Eye of the Day: Common daisy
Eye of the Star: Horehound
Eyes: Inner part of a blossom; Aster, Daisy, Eyebright

F

Fat from a Head: Spurge
Fingers: Cinquefoil
Five Fingers: Cinquefoil
Foot: Leaf
Frog: Cinquefoil
Frog's Foot: Bulbous buttercup
From the Belly: Earth-apple
From the Foot: Houseleek
From the Loins: Chamomile

G

Graveyard Dust: Mullein
Goat's Foot: Ash Weed
God's Hair: Hart's Tongue Fern
Gosling Wing: Goosegrass
Great Ox-eye: Ox-eye daisy
Guts: The roots and stalk of a plant

H

Hair: Dried stringy herbs; ripe male fern
Hair of a Hamadryas Baboon: Dill Seed
Hair of Venus: Maidenhair fern
Hare's Beard: Great mullein
Hawk: Hawkweed
Hawk's Heart: Wormwood seed
Head: Flower of a plant
Heart: Walnut
Heart: A bud, seed, or nut
Hind's Tongue: Hart's Tongue Fern
Horse Tongue: Hart's Tongue Fern
Horse Hoof: Coltsfoot

J

Jacob's Staff: Great Mullein
Jupiter's Staff: Great Mullein

K

King's Crown: Black Haw
Kronos' Blood: Cedar

L

Lamb: Lettuce
Lamb's Ears: Betony
Leg: Leaf
Lion's Hair: Tongue of a Turnip [i.e., the leaves of the taproot]
Lion's Tooth: Dandelion aka Priest's Crown

M

Man's Bile: Turnip sap

N

Nightingale: Hops

P

Paw: Leaf
Pig's Tail: Leopard's Bane
Privates: Seed

R

Ram's Head: American Valerian
Red Cockscomb: Amaranth
Rat: Valerian

S

Seed of Horus: Horehound
Semen of Ammon: Houseleek
Semen of Helios: White Hellebore
Semen of Herakles: Mustard-rocket
Semen of Hermes: Dill
Semen of Hephaistos: Fleabane
Semen of Ares: Clover
Skin of Man: Fern
Skull: Skullcap Mushroom
Snake: Bistort
Sparrow's Tongue: Knotweed
Shepherd's Heart: Shepherd's Purse
Swine's Snout: Dandelion leaves

T

Tail: Stem
Teeth: Pine Cones
Titan's Blood: Wild Lettuce
Toad: Toadflax; Sage
Toe: Leaf
Tongue: Petal
Tears of a Hamadryas Baboon: Dill Juice

U

Unicorn's Horn: False Unicorn Root; True Unicorn Root
Urine: Dandelion

W

Weasel: Rue
Weasel Snout: Yellow Dead Nettles/Yellow Archangel
White Man's Foot: Common Plantain
Wing: Leaf
Wolf Claw: Club Moss
Wolf Foot: Bugle Weed
Wolf's Milk: Euphorbia
Woodpecker: Peony
Worms: Thin Roots